Immunological Responses to Envenomation

Venoms are complex mixtures of toxic compounds delivered by bite or sting.In humans, the consequences of envenomation range Patterns from self-limiting to lethal.Critical host defence against envenomation comprises innate and adaptive immune strategies targeted towards venom detection, neutralisation, detoxification, and symptom resolution.In some

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Correction of Breast Ptosis in Immediate Breast Reconstruction

Background:.Nipple-sparing mastectomy is psychologically advantageous and can result in superior cosmetic outcomes.However, nipple position adjustment is challenging, and ischemic complications may arise.For patients who require timely mastectomies and reconstructions, concurrent mastopexy may prevent nipple malposition and reduce the risk for futu

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